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This flat meridian is graduated the same way as the brass meridian of the common globe, and its use is much the same. On this axis is fixed the flat celestial meridian L L, which may be set directly over the meridian of any place on the globe, so as to keep over the same meridian upon it. Within these circular rings is a small terrestrial globe I, fixed on an axis K, which extends from the north and south poles of the globe at n and s, to those of the celestial sphere at N and S. In the north pole of the ecliptic is a nut b, to which is fixed one end of the quadrantal wire, and to the other end a small sun Y, which is carried round the ecliptic B- B, by turning the nut : and in the south pole of the ecliptic is a pin d, on which is another quadrantal wire, with a small moon Ζ upon it, which may be moved round by hand : but there is a particular contrivance for causing the moon to move in an orbit which crosses the ecliptic at an angle of 5⅓ degrees, to opposite points called the moon's nodes and also for shifting these points backward in the ecliptic, as the moon's nodes shift in the heaven. Each quarter of the former of these colures is divided into 90 degrees, from the equinoctial to the poles of the world, for showing the declination of the sun, moon, and stars and each quarter of the latter, from the ecliptic as e and f, to its poles b and d, for showing the latitude of the stars.
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The Beijing Capital International Airport Terminal 3 features a large armillary sphere metal sculpture as an exhibit of Chinese inventions for international and domestic visitors. In the flag of the Empire of Brazil, the armillary sphere is also featured. Manuel I of Portugal, for example, took it as one of his symbols where it appeared on his standard, and on early Chinese export ceramics made for the Portuguese court. The armillary sphere is also featured in Portuguese heraldry, associated with the Portuguese discoveries during the Age of Exploration. The flag of Portugal features an armillary sphere. With the Sun as center, it is known as Copernican. With the Earth as center, an armillary sphere is known as Ptolemaic. It was invented separately in ancient China first in 4th century BC and ancient Greece in 3rd century BC, with later use in the Islamic world and Medieval Europe. As such, it differs from a celestial globe, which is a smooth sphere whose principal purpose is to map the constellations. Jost Bürgi and Antonius Eisenhoit: Armillary sphere with astronomical clock, made in 1585 in Kassel, now at Nordiska Museet in StockholmĪn armillary sphere (variations are known as spherical astrolabe, armilla, armil, or huntianyi (traditional Chinese: 渾天儀 simplified Chinese: 浑天仪) is a model of objects in the sky (on the celestial sphere), consisting of a spherical framework of rings, centered on Earth or the Sun, that represent lines of celestial longitude and latitude and other astronomically important features, such as the ecliptic.